Fathi Eljahmi is a prominent dissident who has been imprisoned since for calling for increased democratization in Libya. A website that actively sought his overthrow was set up in and listed victims of murder and political assassination. In February , following revolutions in neighbouring Egypt and Tunisia, protests against Gaddafi's rule began anew and in earnest. These escalated into an uprising that spread across the country, with the forces opposing Gaddafi establishing a government based in Benghazi.
This led to the Libyan Civil War, which included a military intervention by a NATO-led coalition to enforce a Security Council resolution calling for a no-fly zone and protection of civilians in Libya. Gaddafi and his forces lost the Battle of Tripoli in August, and on September 16, the newly formed government took Libya's seat at the UN, replacing Gaddafi. He retained control over parts of Libya, most notably the city of Sirte, to which it was presumed that he had fled.
Although Gaddafi's forces initially held out against the NTC's advances, Gaddafi was captured alive as Sirte fell to the rebel forces on October 20, and he died the same day under unclear circumstances.
Gaddafi has eight children, seven of them sons. His eldest son, Muhammad Gaddafi, is by a wife now in disfavor, but runs the Libyan Olympic Committee and owns all the telecommunication companies in Libya. The next eldest Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, was born in , is a painter, runs a charity which has been involved in negotiating freedom for hostages taken by Islamic militants, especially in the Philippines.
In , after sharply criticizing his father's regime, Saif Al Islam briefly left Libya, reportedly to take on a position in banking outside of the country. He returned to Libya soon after, launching an environment friendly initiative to teach children how they can help clean up parts of Libya. He has also been on the forefront of resolving the HIV case of a Palestinian doctor and Bulgarian nurses described previously.
The third eldest, Al-Saadi Gaddafi, is married to the daughter of a military commander. Sampdoria, made billions of dollars in the petrol industry and produces films. He fled to Egypt after allegedly masterminding an Egyptian backed coup attempt against his father. Gaddafi forgave Mutasim-Billah and he returned to Libya where he now holds the post of national security adviser and heads his own unit within the army.
Saif Al Islam and Mutasim-Billah are both seen as possible successors to their father. The fifth eldest, Hannibal once worked for a public marine transportation company in Libya. He is most notable for being involved in a series of violent incidents throughout Europe, including charges against him for beating up his then pregnant girlfriend, Alin Skaf.
In September , Hannibal was involved in a police chase in Paris. Gaddafi's only daughter is Ayesha Gaddafi, a lawyer who had joined the defense team of executed former Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein.
She married a cousin of her father in In January , Gaddafi purchased a 7. Though Gaddafi is an avid football fan, this more importantly continued a longstanding association with the late Gianni Agnelli, the primary investor in Fiat. Gaddafi has also become involved in chess: in March , FIDE, the game's world governing body, announced that he would be providing prize money for the World Championship, held in June-July in Tripoli. Lahore, Pakistan's primary cricket stadium, Gaddafi Stadium, is named after him.
In addition to his Green Book , al-Gaddafi is the author of a collection of short stories, Escape to Hell. In November , he hosted the Miss Net World beauty pageant, a first for Libya and as far as is known, the world's first to be held on the internet. Gaddafi's personal bodyguard, the Amazonian guard, is composed of women who are martial arts experts and highly-trained in the use of weapons.
The Amazonian guard accompanied him on his visit to Brussels. The Amazonian Guard sparked an international incident in when Gaddafi landed in Nigeria with over two hundred armed guards for a summit.
Nigerian security officials refused to allow the Libyans entry based on their armaments, and Gaddafi angrily resolved to set off on foot 40 km to Nigeria's capital from the airport.
The Nigerian President personally intervened, and a compromise was sought. However, the Libyans rejected mediation and threatened to fly home, whereupon the Nigerians revoked their compromise offers and announced that the Libyans could only bring in 8 pistols, which is the limit for international delegations.
The Libyans finally backed down and complied with the Nigerians after several hours. He was sent to a local primary school in central Sirt, where he was taunted for being of impoverished Bedouin background. From to , Qaddafi attended preparatory school in Sebha. He became fascinated with Gamal abdel-Nasser, who was then at the height of his popularity in the Arab world.
Qaddafi completed schooling in Misrata and then attended the Military Academy in Benghazi with three of his Sebha comrades. They formed what would become the Free Unionist Officers Movement. Three years later, and at the age of twenty-seven, Qaddafi had effective control of Libya, having pushed out rival coup factions and installed the RCC. At the end of 18th century, the Spanish technically owned Louisiana, the huge region west of the In the summer of , members of the rock band Aerosmith inspected an airplane they were considering chartering for their upcoming tour—a Convair operated out of Addison, Texas.
Concerns over the flight crew led Aerosmith to look elsewhere—a decision that saved one band but His father, an army officer, deserted the family when Rimbaud was six. Rimbaud was a brilliant student, and his first poem was published in a French review when he was The following year, he rebelled and ran On October 20, , Burt Lancaster, a former circus performer who rose to fame as a Hollywood leading man with some 70 movies to his credit, including From Here to Eternity and Atlantic City, in a career that spanned more than four decades, dies of a heart attack at the age of On October 20, , the First Continental Congress creates the Continental Association, which calls for a complete ban on all trade between America and Great Britain of all goods, wares or merchandise.
The creation of the association was in response to the Coercive Acts—or Live TV. This Day In History. History Vault. Commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Signal Corps in , he was sent on a training course to England in to learn English and advanced signals procedures.
In , following his failure to receive a promotion to captain, Gaddafi used the Free Officers Movement to execute a carefully planned bloodless coup, overthrowing the regime of King Idris — and proclaiming the Libyan Arab Republic. Assuming the role of chairman of the ten-member revolutionary council, he promoted himself to colonel and became commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
He was promoted to the rank of major-general in , but preferred to keep the title of colonel. He was appointed president in Preoccupied with a dream of Arab unity, Gaddafi was critical of governments he claimed were opposed to this goal while actively supporting dissident groups within these countries.
This policy has led to military conflict against Chad —88 and Libyan involvement in various terrorist campaigns, especially against Israel and various western powers. Gaddafi subsequently toned down his rhetoric against the West, signalling a new era of pragmatism. However, his refusal to permit the extradition of two Libyans suspected of involvement in the bombing of a US passenger plane over Lockerbie, Scotland, in caused further friction and led to the imposition of US sanctions in At the end of , Gaddafi announced that he would destroy Libya's weapons of mass destruction and in the following years further sanctions were lifted and diplomatic relations were re-established with many western nations.
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